University of Montana - Rehab Essentials
Educating Health Professionals in a Cost-Effective Way
Course Description
Overview of Basic Sciences for Physical Therapists: Neuroscience (Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology) and Genetics
Purpose of the Course
Through dynamic lectures, demonstration videos, and active learning assignments, students relate neuroanatomy and neurophysiology to existing knowledge on normal human movement, development, and function. Using patient cases across the lifespan, students explore the impact of peripheral and central nervous system function and disorders on motor control and function and on neuromotor development. Related diagnostic testing, imaging, and pharmacological/ surgical management are discussed. Students engage in exploration of a variety of neurologic disorders to hypothesize underlying impairments, activity restrictions and participation restrictions across the lifespan. Genetics as a contributor to normal development and dysfunction are explored.
Objectives
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will:
- Describe the organization of the nervous system, including the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and the somatic and autonomic divisions, including the interaction between the nervous system and other body systems.
- Describe the external coverings, surface anatomy, ventricles, and cell types in the nervous system, including the cerebral cortex, midbrain, brainstem, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
- Explain synaptic transmission in the nervous system, including types of cells and neurons, categories of neurotransmitters, receptors, synapses, and action potentials, including how these change with age and injury/pathology.
- Diagram the somatosensory and motor pathways of the brain and spinal cord, including receptors, tracts, regions, and pathways.
- Diagram the arterial supply of the brain and spinal cord, relating signs/symptoms of stroke based on which artery or arteries are impacted.
- Explain the development of the nervous system from embryonic through adulthood, as well as common anomalies, genetic disorders, and pathologies impacting development of the brain and spinal cord.
- Describe the neuroanatomical structure, physiological functions, and communication between the functional areas of the brain and spinal cord, including the cerebrum, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus, limbic system, and hypothalamus.
- Relate elements of the physical therapy examination to the structure/function of the nervous system, including: Reflex testing, sensory testing, motor testing, and screening arousal, attention, and cognition.
- Categorize common impairments of movement as they relate to motor systems, sensory and perceptual systems, and cognitive systems.
- Describe the factors that impact the ability of skeletal muscle to generate tension and how these factors can influence or be influenced by genetics or pathology.
- Explain the relationship between genetics and exercise as well as the potential role of PT related to epigenetics.